About Beijing£º
Beijing, short for Jing, is the capital of China, national political and cultural center and hub for international exchanges. Beijing is also a famous historical and cultural city, which noted as one of six ancient capitals with Xi'an, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Nanjing and Hangzhou.
Nature Condition:
Beijing is located at the northwest edge of North China Plain. The downtown area lies at 39 degree north latitude, 116 degree east longitude, surrounded by Heibei Province, connects to Tianjin city at Southeast. Beijing covers over 16 000 square meters, has 12 districts (Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Chongwen District, Xuanwu District, Chaoyang District, Haidian District, Fengtai District, Shijingshan District, Mentougou District, Fangshan District, Tongzhou District and Shunyi District) and 6 county (Daxing County, Pinggu County, Changping County, Huairou County, Miyun County and Yanqing County), with the population about 11 millions. Beijing characters as warm temperate, subhumid and continental monsoonal climate, with hot and rainy summer and cold and dry winter. Spring and autumn are very short, annual average temperature is 10 to 12 ¡æ .
History of the Capital:
Beijing is one of the world famous historical and cultural cities and ancient capitals. As early as 700 000 years ago, primitive man tribe ¡°Peking man¡± appeared at Zhoukoudian. Beijing town was established as early as 2000 years ago, firstly recorded as ¡°Ji¡±. Since 1045 B.C Beijing became capital city of princely states like Ji and Yan etc; since 221 B.C, Emperor Qin Shi Huang united China, Beijing was always a north chief city and center of the region. Since AD 938, Beijing became Pei capital of Liao, Shang capital of Jin, Da capital of Yuan and capital of Ming and Qing dynasties. It is designated as the capital of People's Republic of China on Oct. 1, 1949.
Tour Resources:
Beijing has abundant tour resources, with more than 200 attractions opening to tourists. Beijing has the world's largest Imperial Palace Forbidden City, Heaven Temple where sacrifices heaven, imperial garden the North Sea and Summer Palace, and other historic relics like Badaling, Mutian Valley, Simatai Great Wall and the world largest courtyard house Prince Gong's Palace etc. There are 7309 Cultural relics and historic sites in Beijing, among which, 42 are cultural relics of state protection, and 222 cultural relics under municipal-level protection. Beijing's city trees are Chinese scholar tree and Chinese arborvitae, city flowers are China rose and chrysanthemum. In additional, traditional handicraft like ivory carvings, jade carvings, jewelry enamel and carpet etc. produced by Beijing enjoy a worldwide reputation..
Transportation and Communication:
Total length of Beijing city road is 4125.8 km, with road area reaches 49.214 million square meters. Total length of city highway is 13597 km; highway density reaches 80.9 km per hundred square meters. And there are two underground lines, with total length of 54 km, transport 4300 million man-times every year. The Capital Airport has over 200 international and domestic airlines, which lead to major countries and regions, and most cities in China. Capital Airport puts through 21.69million passengers a year, lists one of the busiest airport in Asia. Beijing has postal communication with every country and region in the world, and with 2300 DDD cities and 260 IDD countries and regions. In the end of 2000, Penetration rate of fixed telephone reached 50.8 units per hundred people, among which, urban penetration rate reached 66.4 units per hundred people; Mobile phone users reached 2.66 million; and 5.63 million of internet users.
Science and Education:
Beijing is the largest science and technology research base in China, there lies some science research institutes like Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese silicon valley Zhongguancun Science and Technology Zone etc, their achievements account about one third of the national awarding every year. Beijing is also the most developed region of high education; there are 59 colleges and universities in 2000, which including most notable universities in the country, like Peking University, Tsing-hua University, Renmin University of China and Beijing Normal University. Beijing has 24 libraries including the largest library in Asia, and over hundred museums of many kinds.
Foreign Exchanges:
Beijing increasingly strengthens its exchanges with foreign countries and regions in economic, trade, science and technology, education and culture. The exchanges of governmental, non-government and social groups are very flourishing. Beijing has good relations with 72 countries, 124 capitals and cities. Among which, Beijing has established friend relationship with 24 countries and 27 cities. There are 137 embassies in Beijing, 17 international organizations and representative institutes of regions, 190 foreign news agencies. There are over 7000 representative offices set in Beijing by foreign countries, and more than 17 000 overseas students. Beijing has successfully held the 11 th Asian Games, the Fourth World Congress of Women, and the 21 st World University Games etc. Since 1998, large international activities with the theme of high-tech industry are held very year in Beijing-namely, Beijing high-tech industry international week. In 2002, 5100 millions USD foreign capitals were used. 160 of 500 world's largest multinational companies have invested in Beijing.
|
